塔里木盆地西北部地壳三维构造研究

利用Ｑ值成像和震源分布图像方法,得到了伽师地区中、上地壳的三维Ｑ值结构和发震时间的平面图像。结果表明：水平截面不同深度的Ｑ值图像都存在低Ｑ值带,主要展布方向为东西向、北北东向和北北西向,与研究区的柯坪断裂、羊达曼断裂和麦盖提断裂有一定的对应关系,推测低Ｑ值带可能是研究区的几条深部断裂;垂直剖面沿77°E的条带有大面积的低Ｑ值区,并且在这个带的两侧Ｑ值结构有明显差异。发震时间的平面图像显示出优势取向为北北西和北东,并且相交于余震分布的密集处,这些特征是该区域的活动构造背景。为区域地质构造研究和油气资源的探测提供了深部构造信息。     

大地地磁测探——探测地球深部电性和物质状态的一种有效手段

作者全面综述了一种极具发展前景的探测地球深部结构和物质状态的手段,它是以天然大地电磁场为场源,以地球电磁感应效应为基础,可以面对多方面应用需求的一种方法,即大地电磁测深。介绍了地球电磁场的特征和方法的基本原理,随后评述了大地电磁测深提出以来几项突破性的进展。最后给出了大地电磁测深的几方面标志性应用。     

中亚造山带大陆动力学边程与成矿作用

本文简述了国家973计划项目“中亚造山带大陆动力学过程与成矿作用”（2007CB411300）的总体框架、研究思路和研究目标。对项目已开展的研究工作和研究进展进行了总结。目前,项目组已在以下4个方面展开了研究工作并取得了一系列重要进展：（1）中亚造山带增生、体制转换与改造大陆动力学过程;（2）中亚造山带壳幔相互作用与巨量金属堆积机理;（3）中亚造山带典型矿集区壳幔结构的深部地球物理探测;（4）大陆增生成矿理论框架的构建和矿集区预测与隐伏矿床识别。     

镇泾地区延长组碎屑岩古风化壳研究

镇泾地区延长组碎屑岩古风化壳中见有良好的油气显示,是下一步油气勘探的重点。利用测井资料、铸体薄片、背散射、微量元素等资料,对研究区延长组碎屑岩古风化壳特征进行了研究。结果表明碎屑岩古风化壳主要包括水解带和淋滤带,水解带主要表现为一套厚度稳定的泥岩,可作为区域性盖层;而淋滤带由于大气淡水的淋滤作用,长石等易溶矿物发生蚀变,形成次生孔隙极为发育的砂岩储层,是致密砂岩中的“甜点”,越靠近不整合面,储层物性越好。淋滤带“甜点”主要发育在前侏罗纪古地貌的斜坡上。这种结构具有良好的储盖组合,如果发育圈闭,可以形成具有一定规模的油气藏。     

Characteristics of the crustal structure and hypocentral tectonics in the epicentral area of Nan’ao earthquake (M7.5), the northeastern South China Sea

1918 Nan’ao earthquake (M7.5) occurred in the northeast coastal areas of Guangdong Province. With the seismogeological survey of the epicentral area and history materials analyses, the earthquake epicenter was estimated to locate in the intersection part of the Binhai fault zone (Littoral) and Huanggangshui fault, which strikes NEE and NW, respectively. The activities of the NEE-striking thrust fault and NW-striking extensional fault that were attributed to 1918 Nan’ao earthquake occurred in the Dongshan Island of the epicentral area; they reflected the focal stress field with compression in NW-SE direction and extension in NE-SW direction. The isoseismal contour of seismic intensity X shows a shape of ‘X’ composed of two mutually overlapping ellipses with two axes striking NEE and NW, respectively, and such shape implies that the occurrence of this earthquake is controlled by a pair of conjugate seismotectonic faults constituted by the NEE-striking Binhai fault zone and the NW-striking Huanggangshui fault. The Binhai fault zone is a dominant seismogenic structure, and the NW-striking Huanggangshui fault is the subdominant one. The onshoreoffshore deep seismic profile that crossed the epicentral area and was perpendicular to the strike of the Binhai fault zone was obtained. According to the analyses of the seismic data, the Binhai fault zone is defined as a low velocity zone with SE dip-slip in thecrustal structure section. The Binhai fault zone is a boundary fault between the South China subplate and South China Sea subplate. The crust structure on the northwest side of Binhai fault zone is a normal continental crust with a thickness of 30 km, and the one on the southeast side of the fault zone is a thinning continental crust with a thickness of 25―28 km. The Binhai fault zone is an important seismogenic fault and also is an earthquake-controlling fault. The intersection part between the Binhai fault zone and the low velocity zone of upper crust is advantageous to stress concentration and strain energy accumulation, and presents the deep dynamic conditions for the earthquake’s pregnancy and occurrence.     

济阳坳陷埕岛-桩海地区中生界潜山储层岩性与储层质量

本文以渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷埕岛-桩海地区中生界复杂岩性潜山型储层为研究对象,对储层岩石学特征、储集空间类型和储层物性差异进行研究,进而讨论储层质量控制因素。研究结果表明,研究区内储层包含火成岩和碎屑岩两大类,火成岩以安山岩和火山角砾岩为主,分布局限;碎屑岩形成于辫状河三角洲相,是研究区储层发育的有利岩性。有效储层储集空间类型以次生溶蚀孔为主,残留原生气孔是安山岩中的主要孔隙,裂缝常被方解石充填。研究区储层非均质性强,样品孔、渗值分布范围大。储层质量受到多种因素控制,从根本上而言,不同岩性-岩相或沉积相的样品初始孔隙度差异明显,初始孔隙度较高储层其现今孔隙度也较好;对于相同岩性岩相的储层而言,成岩作用差异是决定性因素,压实和碳酸盐胶结作用是研究区储层主要的减孔作用。     

Measurement of earth crust tilt tides with a folded pendulum

A new method for detecting the crust tilt tides with a folded pendulum is presented. The principle of the folded pendulum and the displacement transducer together with the recording system are introduced. The preliminary experimental result shows that the folded pendulum is very sensitive to the tilt tides.